KEEPING HEART FAILURE PATIENTS ALIVE
REPORT: MB #2931
BACKGROUND: An estimated five million people across the nation are suffering from congestive heart failure, according to the American Heart Association. That figure is expected to double in the next 30 years. More than half a million new cases are diagnosed every year. The hearts of patients suffering from heart failure fail to pump efficiently and deliver essential oxygen-rich blood to the body. Congestive heart failure occurs when fluid accumulates in the lungs and other body tissues, which usually leads to hospitalization of those patients. Heart failure is the number one reason older individuals are hospitalized. An estimated $33 billion was spent in 2007 on management of the disease.
Prognosis for patients with advanced heart failure is grim, with one-year mortality rates higher than those of other terminal diseases like AIDS, leukemia and lung cancer. Half of all patients with heart failure die within five years, and only about 20 percent survive longer than eight to 12 years. Heart failure can be caused by a variety of different medical conditions. According to the National Institutes of Health, the most common causes are high blood pressure and coronary heart disease. Other causes include valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, lung disease and heart tumors. Age, being overweight, having diabetes, smoking cigarettes, abusing alcohol and using cocaine are all contributing risk factors for the deadly condition.
TREATMENT: The overall objective of heart failure treatment is to treat underlying causes, relieve symptoms, and prevent the condition from worsening. Symptom relief can come from removing excess fluid in the body, improving blood flow and heart muscle function, and increasing oxygen delivery throughout the body. Transplants offer help to about 2,000 advanced heart failure patients every year, but others are left with no options.
BRIDGE-TO-TRANSPLANT: Recently 46 centers throughout the United States and Canada completed a clinical trial of the Thoratec HeartMate II Left Ventricular Assist System (LVAS), which gained FDA approval in April 2008 as a bridge-to-transplantation (BTT) treatment option for patients with advanced-stage heart failure awaiting transplant. The device is the first continuous flow chronic LVAS to be approved in the United States for BTT. Experts say the device promises durability and long term effectiveness in restoring patients to a fairly normal lifestyle while waiting for a transplant. The LVAS was created with the goal of providing up to 10 years of circulatory support for a broad range of advanced heart failure patients.
The clinical trial involved 450 BTT participants and demonstrated improved survival rates and quality of life for a range of patients. The median time patients in the trial were on the support system was 132 days. At six months, 80 percent of patients had survived transplantation to recovery while 77 percent had at one year. Adverse effects including infections, stroke and bleeding were found to be significantly lower than previous BTT studies of the HeartMate VE LVAS, an earlier version of the device, revealed.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT:
Ellen Fiss, Public Relations Manager
Tampa General Hospital
(813) 844-6397
efiss@tgh.org
